Improvise the working condition at Kilang Beras Jelapang Selatan (M) Sdn. Bhd.

Kilang Beras Jelapang Selatan (M) Sdn. Bhd. or known as KBJS was established on 11th March 1988. KBJS is located at industrial area, Batu 2 ¾ Jalan Salleh,8400, Muar, Johor. The size of the factory is more than 2.5 acre. KBJS was a Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) business owned by a Chinese family who are not interested in paddy and rice industry. They later sold the company to KBJS after their father’s death in 1988. KBJS bought the company at a price of RM 500, 000.00 and have been upgraded from time to time. KBJS is now well known as the biggest Bumiputera company in peninsular Malaysia according to Certified Assessment in 2011 which worth RM25 millions

Application of GaBi software in identifying potential environmental impacts in fabrication of 3D bone tissue engineering

– 3D printing technology has evolved over the years. There are many types of 3D printing methods introduced in this technology. As 3D technology continues to develop, medical industry technology follows the trend to ensure continuity in the medical and healthcare industry by being involved in the development of tissue engineering scaffold fabrication through 3D printing. One of the 3D printing methods is the fabrication of 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds by 3D Digital Light Processing (DLP). Although 3D DLP methods in the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds help researchers develop new inventions, it might affect environmental sustainability. Therefore, the application of GaBi software will be applied in order to evaluate and identify the environmental impacts. Hence, this research paper will apply GaBi software as tool to analyse the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds in 3D DLP and determine the potential environmental impacts of this process. From the GaBi software analysis, this research will show the potential emissions that contribute to the environment that comes from 3D DLP operations. This research will contribute to 3D bone tissue engineering development to include environmental sustainability in each of the research and development involved in this technology

An essential studies on tribology’s: a short review

Recently, there are a few major malfunctions of machinery and plant have been reported because of their weariness and related reasons, and a few of them causing a great financial loss. It is believed that these continuous failures lead to more serious breakdowns of the machinery and expensive. This is closely related to the tribology, in which tribology is the science and engineering that encompasses how interrelating surfaces behave in comparative motion in natural and artificial systems. It is incorporating the research and use of the values of wear, lubrication also friction

Carbon footprint of 3D-printed bone tissue engineering scaffolds: an life cycle assessment study

The bone tissue engineering scaffolds is one of the methods for repairing bone defects caused by various factors. According to modern tissue engineering technology, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for bone tissue engineering provides a temporary basis for the creation of biological replacements. Through the generated 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds from previous studies, the assessment to evaluate the environmental impact has shown less attention in research. Therefore, this paper is aimed to propose the Model of life cycle assessment (LCA) for 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds of 3D gel-printing technology and presented the analysis technique of LCA from cradle-to-gate for assessing the environmental impacts of carbon footprint. Acrylamide (C3H5NO), citric acid (C6H8O7), N,N-Dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide (C8H16N2O), deionized water (H2O), and 2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate (C5H8O3) was selected as the material resources. Meanwhile, the 3D gel-printing technology was used as the manufacturing processes in the system boundary. The analysis is based on the LCA Model through the application of GaBi software. The environmental impact was assessed in the 3D gel-printing technology and it was obtained that the system shows the environmental impact of global warming potential (GWP). All of the emissions contributed to GWP have been identified such as emissions to air, freshwater, seawater, and industrial soil. The aggregation of GWP result in the stage of manufacturing process for input and output data contributed 47.6% and 32.5% respectively. Hence, the data analysis of the results is expected to use for improving the performance at the material and manufacturing process of the product life cycle

Environmental impact for 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds life cycle: An assessment

With the development of additive manufacturing technology, 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds have evolved. Bone tissue engineering is one of the techniques for repairing bone abnormalities caused by a variety of circumstances, such as injuries or the need to support damaged sections. Many bits of research have gone towards developing 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds all across the world. The assessment of the environmental impact, on the other hand, has received less attention. As a result, the focus of this study is on developing a life cycle assessment (LCA) model for 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds and evaluating potential environmental impacts. One of the methodologies to evaluating a complete environmental impact assessment is life cycle assessment (LCA). The cradle-to-grave method will be used in this study, and GaBi software was used to create the analysis for this study. Previous research on 3D bone tissue engineering fabrication employing poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) soaked in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO) as a photoinitiator will be reviewed. Meanwhile, digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing is employed as the production technique. The GaBi program and the LCA model developed to highlight the potential environmental impact. This study shows how the input and output of LCA of 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds might contribute to environmental issues such as air, freshwater, saltwater, and industrial soil emissions. The emission contributing to potential environmental impacts comes from life cycle input, electricity and transportation consumption, manufacturing process, and material resources. The results from this research can be used as an indicator for the researcher to take the impact of the development of 3D bone tissue engineering on the environment seriously

3D Biofabrication of Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU)/Poly-l-lactic Acid (PLLA) Electrospun Nanofibers Containing Maghemite (-Fe2O3) for Tissue Engineering Aortic Heart Valve

Valvular dysfunction as the prominent reason of heart failure may causes morbidity and mortality around the world. The inability of human body to regenerate the defected heart valves necessitates the development of the artificial prosthesis to be replaced. Besides, the lack of capacity to grow, repair or remodel of an artificial valves and biological difficulty such as infection or inflammation make the development of tissue engineering heart valve (TEHV) concept. This research presented the use of compound of poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and maghemite nanoparticle (-Fe2O3) as the potential biomaterials to develop three-dimensional (3D) aortic heart valve scaffold. Electrospinning was used for fabricating the 3D scaffold. The steepest ascent followed by the response surface methodology was used to optimize the electrospinning parameters involved in terms of elastic modulus. The structural and porosity properties of fabricated scaffold were characterized using FE-SEM and liquid displacement technique, respectively. The 3D scaffold was then seeded with aortic smooth muscle cells (AOSMCs) and biological behavior in terms of cell attachment and proliferation during 34 days of incubation was characterized using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and confocal laser microscopy. Furthermore, the mechanical properties in terms of elastic modulus and stiffness were investigated after cell seeding through macro-indentation test. The analysis indicated the formation of ultrafine quality of nanofibers with diameter distribution of 178 +/- 45 nm and 90.72% porosity. In terms of cell proliferation, the results exhibited desirable proliferation (109.32 +/- 3.22% compared to the control) of cells over the 3D scaffold in 34 days of incubation. The elastic modulus and stiffness index after cell seeding were founded to be 22.78 +/- 2.12 MPa and 1490.9 +/- 12 Nmm(2), respectively. Overall, the fabricated 3D scaffold exhibits desirable structural, biological and mechanical properties and has the potential to be used in vivo

Sustainability-oriented application of value stream mapping: a review and classification

Notwithstanding the research on refining lean tools for the sake of sustainable development is slowly progressing, sustainability-oriented application of value stream mapping has received undivided attention from practitioners and researchers. Going through the literature highlights that there is a lack of research in integrating and systematizing the available knowledge on this lean tool, which is regarded as a visual process-based method to make sustainable progress over the time-based and green concepts of wastes to also assess and improve the societal sustainability performance of organizations. Hence, this paper has been aimed at presenting the findings of a systematic literature review on value stream mapping from the triple bottom line point of view. It classifies and codes the main studies in the context as well as provides a research agenda with nine recommendations that may advance this under-studied field. To narrow the gap in the current literature, this article also proposes a sustainability indicator set that would considerably contribute to guiding and strengthening the state-of-the-art research on successful implementation of the application. Besides, the findings indicate that more investigations are needed on employing survey and conceptual methodologies, applying comparative and cross-industry perspectives, developing sustainability indicator sets particularly societal metrics, and considering the stakeholders' benefits from adopting sustainability-oriented value stream mapping. The research on the convergence of this sustainability-oriented application and new paradigms such as IR 4.0 and/or Circular Economy should be also strengthened

Feasibility Studies of Treated Used Cooking Palm Oil as Precursor for Bio-Lubricant

The non-renewability and and non-biodegradability of petroleum based lubricants as well as the environmental impacts their waste contributes to the environment has caused the search for a substitute for precursor of lubricant formulation. The food security issue has caused major concerns on how vegetable oil could replace petroleum based product lubricants. This paper reports the feasibility studies of kinematic viscosity, friction and wear properties of treated used cooking palm oil as precursor for development of new bio-lubricant. The treated used cooking palm oil displayed a comparable value of kinematic viscosity of 43.6cSt, coefficient of friction of 0.126 and 122µm which is almost similar to the value of fresh cooking palm oil. Treated used cooking palm oil is seen to be a suitable candidate for precursor of bio-lubricant formulation, However, some additives may need to be added as to increase the tribological properties for treated used cooking oil to be used as a bio-lubricant

Outlook on the carbon-based materials for heavy metal removal

Carbon-based materials, including graphene (GR), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), activated carbon, and biochar, are the most common materials often applied to separate heavy metals from the water stream. A key feature of carbon adsorbent is the functional group of its adjustable surfaces. Both GR and CNTs exhibit the most favorable materials and may be the right choice in the future because of their excellent nature and unique structure. In order to commercialize the use of carbon absorbent in the removal of heavy metals, the mechanism of adsorption of carbon on heavy metals must be fully understood. In view of the good properties of carbon-based materials, a detailed study of their characteristics and synthesis, and modifications should be highlighted. Therefore, this article will discuss the properties, modifications, and use of carbon-based materials as adsorbents for various hazardous metal ions

Ergonomic design improvement at Koko Minda Food Industries (M) Sdn. Bhd

Koko Minda Food Industries (M) Sdn. Bhd was founded and established on year 2010 and still operating until now. This company is founded by Mr. Salim bin Salleh after he retired from working with government on year 2009. He decided to open up Koko Minda Food Industries (M) Sdn. Bhd because he has desired to continue working after being retired from working due to his sickness. His daughter, Ms. Nurul Firdaus binti Salim also giving hands to help him and serve as the Director of Administration & Marketing to run Koko Minda Food Industries (M) Sdn. Bhd. This company is located at IKS Halal Hub Serkam, Merlimau, Malacca, Malaysia and will be relocated to a new factory which 200 meters from its current factory